PDSTP Is the First Drug in Class to Treat Coronavirus Infection.

The results of a comprehensive study are presented on the development and creation of an original small PDSTP molecule, able to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection from binding to the host cell. The PDSTP molecule was designed to electrostatically interact with heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface, and coronaviruses, particularly SARS-CoV-2, use this mechanism as the first stage of interaction with the cell. By blocking this process, it is possible to stop the life cycle of the virus, thus leading to its death. The drug candidate PDSTP, with its unique mechanism of action, is characterized by a very low toxicity and a high safety profile and demonstrates good efficacy in animal experiments.

Respiratory RNA Viruses: How to Be Prepared for an Encounter with New Pandemic Virus Strains

The characteristics of the biology of influenza viruses and coronavirus that determine the implementation of the infectious process are presented. With provision for pathogenesis of infection possible effects of serine proteinase inhibitors, heparin, and inhibitors of heparan sulfate receptors in the prevention of cell contamination by viruses are examined. It has been determined that chelators of metals of variable valency and antioxidants should be used for the reduction of replicative activity of viruses and anti-inflammatory therapy. The possibility of a pH-dependent impairment of glycosylation of cellular and viral proteins was traced for chloroquine and its derivatives. The use of low-toxicity drugs as part of adjunct therapy increases the effectiveness of synthetic antiviral drugs and interferons and ensures the safety of baseline therapy.

Respiratory RNA Viruses: How to Prepare for Meeting with New Pandemic Strains

The biology features of influenza viruses and coronaviruses that determine the implementation of the infectious process are described. Taking into account the pathogenesis of infection, the possible effects of serine proteinase blockers, heparin and heparan sulfate receptor blockers in the prevention of cell contamination by viruses are considered. The necessity of using chelators of metals of variable valency and antioxidants to reduce the replicative activity of viruses and anti-inflammatory therapy is determined. The possibility of a pH-dependent violation of the glycosylation of cellular and viral proteins is traced for chloroquine and its derivatives. The use of low-toxic registered drugs as part of adjuvant therapy increases the effectiveness of antiviral synthetic drugs and interferons, ensures the safety of the use of basic therapy. Изложены особенности биологии вирусов гриппа и коронавирусов, определяющие реализацию инфекционного процесса. С учетом патогенеза инфекции рассмотрены возможные эффекты блокаторов сериновых протеиназ, гепарина и блокаторов гепарансульфатных рецепторов в профилактике контаминации клеток вирусами. Определена необходимость применения хелаторов металлов переменной валентности и антиоксидантов для снижения репликативной активности вирусов и противовоспалительной терапии. Возможность pH-зависимого нарушения гликозилирования клеточных и вирусных белков прослежена для хлорохина и его производных. Применение низкотоксичных лекарственных средств в составе вспомогательной терапии повышает эффективность противовирусных синтетических препаратов и интерферонов, обеспечивает безопасность применения средств базисной терапии.